Divorce Is More Popular Than Marriage - 868 Words

In today’s society a divorce is more popular than marriage. As soon as you say,† I do,† the odds are not in your favor. One in two couples do not survive, they get divorced. Society is in a downward spiral with making a marriage last. We have become quitters; when times get hard we quit. The small things are the most important in a marriage. There are easy ways to make a marriage last. Having a healthy sexual relationship is vital for any marriage. Remembering the reason why you got married to begin with is important in a marriage. There will disagreements in a marriage; learn to pick your battles. Compromising is another key element to happy successful marriage. Sex is what sets you apart from being just a roommate. Having a healthy sexual relationship can improve the passion in your relationship. (2014 Aaron Anderson). There is a deeper communication that comes with sex. Both people feel a comfort level with each other that is not felt with anyone else. It requi res you both to become very vulnerable by asking, and receiving. It requires you to reach a deeper level of trust with your spouse. They also need to be open to hearing what their spouse wants feels and needs. This is not only a recipe for great sex but a great marriage as well (2014 Aaron Anderson). There are many benefits to having a healthy sexual marriage. It can help to reduce everyday stress in life. With these benefits, it can also build a stronger bond between each other. The next thing to remember is whyShow MoreRelatedPopular Culture s Negative Influence Essay1727 Words   |  7 PagesCelebrating twenty-eight years of marriage seems to be a pretty impressive feat in today’s world. Not to mention all the couples who have been together for forty, even fifty years. Forty to fifty percent of marriages end in divorce in America (Kazdin, 1). Some say that that is a myth, that it is not actually factual. However, thorough research proves that it is unfortunately true. Fro m popular culture’s negative influence, to how marriage could go all wrong, and finally to why it sometimes just can’tRead MoreHistory, Laws, And Health Impacts On Marriages And Divorce1687 Words   |  7 Pagesfor marriage. On the other hand, there are Sorrell Trope and Daniel Jaffe; both of them are among some of the top divorce lawyers in the country. Sorrell Trope has represented Britney Spears, Nicole Kidman, and Tiger Woods’s wife Elin Nordegren. Daniel Jaffe represented Rupert Murdoch’s wife Anna Murdoch in their 1.7 billion dollar divorce settlement. Marriage and divorce is something that happens all around us. In this paper we will look at the history, laws, and health impacts on marriages andRead MoreThe Catholic And Christian Marriages905 Words   |  4 PagesCatholic and Christian marriages are very different in today’s society compared to many years ago. A traditional marriage is viewed differently in many ways, some of these changes are because of society. Such as many people do not view divorce as such a horrible act anymore, marriage is no longer just between a man and a woman, and many people find themselves getting married for the wrong reasons. Since these many changes have taken place the Christian and Catholic churches have converted many rulesRead More Divorce in China Essay1741 Words   |  7 PagesDivorce in China Impact of socio-economic changes on the divorce in China China has been undergoing number of social and economic changes throughout its communist history. There is no doubt that these socio-economic changes have influenced the society both positively and negatively. The most two significant changes of all would be the Cultural Revolution which took place during 1960s and the economic transition to the market economy, which has been in effect since 1980s. In this research paperRead MoreIslamic Ideas on Arranged Marriages1887 Words   |  7 Pages Marriage is an institute commemorated in most parts of the world. Unlike western societies, where love is a precondition to marriage, in many other parts of the world it is still not a requirement. A popular saying among these traditional cultures is first comes marriage, and then comes love. The Islamic community is one of the many cultures that embrace arranged marriages. Until very recently, research on Islamic marriage and family formation have been sparse. Raeann Hamon summarizes this absence Read MoreMarriage Should Not Be A Sacred Thing1341 Words   |  6 PagesMarriage used to be a sacred thing; once you married someone you spend the rest of your life with them. Even some places such as the Philippines and The Vatican City make divorce illegal. Here in America divorces are happening every single day. This social phenomenon is considered problematic. Almost 50% of all marriages end in divorce. When most people think of a divorce, they think of it ending in bad terms due to infidelity; but this is not always the case. It’s important to understand what aRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Females1554 Words   |  7 PagesTristina Arellanes Mrs. Hanson English 12 4 November 2014 Effects of Divorce The human species has evolved to make commitments between males and females in regards to raising their offspring, so this is a bond (Lancaster). This means that humans were not meant to be with one mate their whole life. People only stay by this tradition so that children can grow up with the bond of both parents and not have to leave full responsibility on one parent. Couples without children, however, stay togetherRead MoreEssay about sociology and the family1732 Words   |  7 Pagesof the spouses, or b) Horizontal Extensions - consisting of people from the same generation as the spouses such as the wife’s sister {Blacks Academy}). The studies of Willmott and Young found that the Nuclear Family became more popular during the Industrial Revolution as more people moved away from their families to find work, therefore, family size decreased and became Nuclear. During pre-industrial Britain, (Browne) explains that the extended family was a unit of production, meaning that theRead MoreEffects Of Divorce On The United States1041 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic of divorce, for many decades, has been a topic that fell into the domain of taboo. In more recent years, society within the united states has brought the topic into the limelight by desensitizing the term. Thus, the divorce rates in the US have went up. However, a divorce has both positive and negative implications. Also, there have been backlashes against divorce, but there has also been a positive feedback system employed to aid in the process that surround divorce. The partitioning betweenRead MoreShould Cohabitation Be Encouraged908 Words   |  4 PagesSHOULD COHABITATION BE ENCOURAGED? Cohabitation has become very popular and common among teenagers these days. As stated in the Oxford Dictionary, cohabitation is the act of living in the same house together and having a sexual relationship without any commitments and marriage. In the last several decades, families have changed. Instead of getting married, many people are cohabitating or in simple words prefer living together. Some of these cohabitating couples finally get married. Most of them

The Ardhakathanaka ( Half A Life ) - 992 Words

In the 17th century, Jainism was among the few religions that existed in India. One of the few principles that Jains followed strictly is to be a non-violent human. Thus, their jobs also reflected this principle. Men whose occupations is a merchant, he was obligated to travel to many cities to sell his goods to support himself and his family. Merchants were often away from their family and thus the friends and acquaintances that they meet during their travels became prominent encounters. Some aspects of friendships that are often encountered include, brotherhood, companionship and selflessness. These three elements were all greatly exemplified throughout the autobiography The Ardhakathanaka (Half a Life). In the autobiography, Half a life, friendship is depicted as a very special and timid relationship that people encounter on a daily basis. The different levels of human kinship become very obvious as the Jains encounter friends and acquaintances during their travels because every in teraction that the people had are depicted very organically. The autobiography begins the story with the narrator (known as Banarasidas) introducing his family members who are part of the merchant and goods industry. Banarasidas first encounters positive friendship at a very young age when his father, Kharagsen, and the family needed to flee to a nearby city. Kharagsen and his family had no shelter after arriving at a new city and he was filled with despair. A man, by the name of Karamchand

Achilleus leader of the Achaians and son of Peleus Essay Example For Students

Achilleus leader of the Achaians and son of Peleus Essay a mortal king and The sea-goddess Thetis is an important character of the Iliad. Achilleus is a well-respected warrior; the Achaians needed Achilleus to help them fight the Trojans. In book XXII Achilleus showed that he was heartless when he killed Hektor. Achilleus also showed that he was sympathetic towards elders by returning Hektors body when Priam begged for it. In Homers Iliad Achilleus was portrayed as a well-respected warrior, heartless, and sympathetic towards elders. In book I of the Iliad Achilleus first shows that he is well respected when he calls the Achaians to assembly, an idea from the goddess Hera who had pity on the dying Achaians. Achilleus a leader even before his time of greatness spoke up for his people against the son of Atreus saying I believe now that straggling backwards we must make our way home if we can even escape death, if fighting now must crush the Achaians and the plague likewise(1.59-61). Agamemnon who claims himself as the far greatest of all the Achaians shows fear to Achilleus by calling him a good fighter though you be, godlike (1.127). By defeating Agamemnon Achilleus proves to be the greatest Achaian soldier and the most respected because he stood up to Agamemnon the wine sack, with a dogs eyes, and deers heart; the King who feeds on his people(1.221-227). After the death of Patrokolos Achilleus returns to avenge his friends death in book XXII. The love Achilleus showed Patrokolos was not worth taking every soldiers life in the Trojan army except one man (Hektor) who thought that it would be much better at that time, to go against Achilleus, and slay him, and come back, or else be killed by him in glory in front of the city(22.11-13). Hektor would be killed by Achilleus after being tricked by Athene who pretended to be his (Hektors) brother Deiphobos. Hektor tried to plead with Achilleus on his death day so that he can be buried respectfully and so that his soul could rest. But Achilleus response to Hektor was argue me no arguments. I cannot forgive you. As there are no trustworthy oaths between men and lions, nor wolves and lambs(22.164-166). Achilleus not only killed Hektor but he stripped him of his clothing and let every Achaian soldier stab him while he gave a speech saying there is a dead man who lies by the ships, unwept, unburi ed(22.289). Achilleus went back to the ships of the Achaians singing we have won ourselves enormous fame; we have killed the great Hektor whom the Trojans glorified as if he were a god in their city(22.296-298). While he (Achilleus) spoke he thought of shameful treatment for Hektor. Achilleus made holes in the back of Hektors feet by the tendons, and in the space between the ankle and the heel he drew thongs of ox-hide threw them, and fastened his feet to a chariot and dragged him on the back of it. By doing this Hektors hair fell out and what was once a beautiful body was now tumbled in the dust. Achilleus showed no respect for Hektor and he had a great deal of hate toward Hektor but by killing him and then battering the body that shows how heartless he was toward his enemies. In book XXIV Achilleus meets with Hektors father Priam who wants Achilleus to return his sons body to him so that he can have a proper burial and that his soul can rest peacefully. Priam who goes into the city where the Achaians stay and gets down on his knees and kisses the hands that murdered his son and begs Achilleus to return Hektor to him. Priam spoke to Achilleus saying, Achilleus like the gods, remember your father, one who is of years like mine, and on the door-sill of sorrowful old age. And they who swell nearby encompass him and afflict him, nor is there any to defend him against the wrath, the destruction(24.95-98). Priam reminds Achilleus of his father and that his father can call on him when he wants. Priam also reminds Achilleus that he has taken the lives of all of his sons. Achilleus makes a statement to Priam saying I sit here in Troy, and bring nothing but sorrow to you and your children(24.151). Achilleus and Priam both breakdown and cry at their misfortunes, and Achilleus agrees to give Hektor back to Priam so that he can have a proper burial. .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae , .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae .postImageUrl , .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae , .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae:hover , .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae:visited , .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae:active { border:0!important; } .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae:active , .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u46b93063f8c039699b1cd6936971f3ae:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Dr. Faustus Essay In the Iliad Achilleus shows three sides of his personality a great leader towards his people, a brutal killer, and a grieving soldier. There are numerous quotes and statements that prove this to be true. Also Achilleus is passionate and heartbroken towards the death of Patrokolos. In Homers Iliad Achilleus portrays to be well-respected, heartless, and sympathetic towards elders. The son of Peleus and Thetis proves to be all of these things in many different books of the Iliad.

RR#1 Letter From Birmingham Jail Essays - Community Organizing

RR#1 Letter From Birmingham Jail Nicole Varady RR#1Letter From Birmingham Jail After reading Letter From Birmingham Jail, by Martin Luther King, Jr., I am struck by how eloquently he writes. I know this is not an earth-shattering revelation, but I do not recall having ever read a piece by Dr. King in my previous studies. This letter was written to eight clergymen, after Dr. King was incarcerated during protests that occurred in the state of Alabama. He wrote this in response to a statement issued by the Alabama clergymen, in which they called these protests unwise and untimely. The majority of the letter is a well thought out and compelling argument against the unjust actions that were occurring in the South at that time. As I stated above, Dr. Kings way with words was a sheer pleasure to read, even in the absolutely horrific context of which it was written. Whilst I am certainly no stranger to the despicable treatment of African-Americans during this time period, a lot of what I came across still was enough to get me all in a tizzy. Dr. Kings claim that we stiff creep at a horse-and-buggy pace toward gaining a cup of coffee at a lunch counter was phrased so well, clearly pointing out the ridiculousness of such an obstacle for an American to have to endure. Then there is section in which he writes about having to explain to his six year old daughter why she cannot attend the local amusement park, and seeing the tears welling up in her eyes when she is told that Funtown is closed to colored children is a bit hard to swallow. Never the less, Dr. King uses his gift of gab well, making some very excellent points that I believe are still fantastic arguments for the issues of today. To the clergymen making claims that their protesting actions even though peaceful, must be condemned, because they precipitate violence, he retorts that this is illogical, as it is akin to condemning a robbed man because his possession of money precipitated the evil act of robbery. I find this analogy an almost perfect way to discuss the outrages of women asking for it, but alas, that is a discussion for another time. One last quote from this letter I would like to bring up is Dr. Kings concern of the rather un-Christian like mindset that he, and many others, had to unfortunately bear witness from fellow members of the church. He writes I have watched many churches commit themselves to a completely other worldly religion which makes a strange, un-Biblical distinction between body and soul, between the sacred and the secular. Although I believe Dr. King is only including race here, and might not have considered this when writing, this is a sound argument in the very un-Christian like treatment that a lot of people endure daily, be they gay/lesbian, transgendered, etc. 1) How would you describe the way Dr. King addresses his audience? Is he righteous? Is he rude? Is he conversational? The attitude of Dr. King that I took from this letter is that he is thoughtful and considerate of his words, but also emits small jabs here and there. I gathered small hints of sarcasm in the letter, though that may very well just be the voice in which I read it. I believe his manner of speaking to the clergymen is one of slight indignation, that which I find just. He may come off as righteous, in the sense that he believes all people should have equal rights, but never did I find an air of holier than thou in his words. He is not rude by any means, he just carefully lays out all his points with some hard to argue examples. He wants to be civil, but he definitely will not be brushed aside and not let justice prevail. I believe the ending of his letter fully shows this when he writes If I have said anything in this letter that overstates the truth and indicates an unreasonable impatience, I beg you to forgive me. If I have said anything that understates the truth and indicates my havi ng a patience that allows me to settle for anything less than

DBQ #1 essays

DBQ #1 essays Although New England and the Chesapeake region were both settled largely by people of English origin, by 1700 the regions had evolved into two distinct societies. In 1607 when the New England and the Chesapeake region colonies planted was intended originally for the same purpose, becoming independent of Spain. So exactly why did this difference in development occur? The three major factors were location, attitudes, and beliefs. With a difference in location, attitudes and beliefs where one is from seems to be of little or no importance! Which factor played the biggest part is almost impossible to decide. The locations of the two colonies are in and of itself were completely opposite. The New England Colony's growing season was shorter than that of the Chesapeake regions was. The New England Colony's land was poor and you could not collect furs or even fish very easily, making life difficult. The local Indians taught the settlers how to grow maize. The Chesapeake region settlers did not know how to make the best of the areas wildlife and fish. In addition, one could not depend on supplies from England. The attitude made a big difference also. The New England colony had a positive attitude for the most part. The Chesapeake region had several problems with people's attitude. When the settlers started to plant and farm the well to do adventurers did not like the idea of manual labor. They came here for different reasons (money) not to make a farm settlement. Beliefs were incredibly different. The New England Colonies John Winthrop wrote the famous sermon A model of Christian Charity aboard the Arbella on the Atlantic Ocean. It deals with primarily with equality. It also recognized the fact that there were different conditions of humankind, That God in his holy and wise ways had decided. Someone else's problems were your problems and vise versa. It also acknowledged the importance of working together i ...

3 More Examples of Misplaced Modifiers

3 More Examples of Misplaced Modifiers 3 More Examples of Misplaced Modifiers 3 More Examples of Misplaced Modifiers By Mark Nichol Words and phrases that provide additional information to clarify relationships between people, places, or things should, for the sake of clarity, be carefully placed to aid readers in understanding a statement. In each of the following sentences, the writer has failed to achieve that goal. Discussions explain the problems, and revisions resolve them. 1. Mistakes can only be acted on and shared across the company when they are discussed, not hidden. Listeners do not bat an eye when a speaker prematurely utters an errant only, but in writing, place it immediately before the pertinent verb or verb phrase: â€Å"Mistakes can be acted on and shared across the company only when they are discussed, not hidden.† (The original placement erroneously suggests that acting on and sharing mistakes is all that can be done in response to them; the revision correctly associates the word with discussion.) 2. The agency should work to protect both the environment and enable a growing economy. Similarly, both is often incorrectly located, but this usage is more patently problematic than casual placement of only. When both follows a verb, what comes after should be parallel nouns or noun phrases, each of which pertains to the verb. Here, both refers to not only the verb protect (and the noun that follows) but also the verb enable (and the noun phrase that follows), so it must precede both verbs: â€Å"The agency should work to both protect the environment and enable a growing economy.† 3. At least two men were escorted out of the meeting by police officers, one of whom had to be carried. The syntax of this sentence suggests that one of the police officers, rather than one of the two men, had to be carried. Readers will recognize the intent of the statement, but a writer should not make readers work to comprehend what is written; â€Å"two men† and â€Å"one of whom had to be carried† should be adjacent to each other: â€Å"At least two men, one of whom had to be carried, were escorted out of the meeting by police officers.† (An alternative, active revision is â€Å"Police officers escorted at least two men, one of whom had to be carried, from the meeting.†) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:45 Synonyms for â€Å"Food†36 Poetry TermsTrooper or Trouper?

World Trade Organization Benefits Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

World Trade Organization Benefits - Assignment Example The past history has seen many wars that erupted due to the hostile feeling for each other that existed between the nations, the element of hostility in the trade and exchange was one of those reasons. After the Second World War, when there was a slight realization of avoiding the atmosphere of trade tension, an international level organization was brought into play which was called General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). W.T.O is a platform that has bridged various nations of the world onto a single platform, it has been in action since 1995, through which they achieve exchange of goods, and material and benefit their own economies as well as the regional economies. It has a pre defined set of rules that are created in the most suitable manner with focus on international peace and trade promotion. The modern world and its citizens have benefited in a considerable amount from this body and it has provided innumerable benefits to the modern industrial era, few of those advantag es and benefits are as follows: Element of peace: The incumbent body in place has made many things possible which would otherwise be not possible. It has given hope for a better world which would be dominated by the peaceful exchange of goods and material, since trade always enables the exchange of good feeling between the two parties, therefore W.T.O in a subsided manner plays the role of peacekeeping and relationship building as well. Trade and exchange opens routes for exploration and harmony. W.T.O while being a very large scale entity has the privilege of bringing about various nations which were long engulfed in chains of hatred and distances. While it was evident in past that many countries could not engage in a bi lateral trade amongst each other due to various reasons, the W.T.O has wiped off that excuse and has engaged many nations in trade relations through means of third party trade and multi lateral exchange on a large scale. The W.T.O provides a platform which in a gen tle manner obliges various nations to start trade which each other regardless of their previous history of disputes and tussles that may have existed in past. History can be dug to find out that many disputes over trade resulted in large scale wars, however on the contrary to that perception; world trade organization provides a platform for resolving all disputed issues pertaining to the trade and exchange. Inclusion of Saudi Arabia: The inclusion of Saudi Arabia is believed to benefit the organization, its partner companies as well as Saudi Arabia itself. For this reason, Saudi Arabia has under gone number of steps that would further ease its process towards the entry into the large international block. Abiding by these laws, it would benefit the Saudi local market and would improve the standard of living and benefit the government, local investors and the citizens. Role of Third party mediator: While some critics may argue that trade and exchange may engulf various nations into di sputes and disagreements, this fear is grounded through the presence of a centralized body in form of W.T.O. It plays the role of mediator and ensures that no party violates the rules or reaches to a level which is unacceptable and beyond the manifesto of the W.T.O accord. W.T.O obliges nations to bring their disputes to the table and strictly prohibits each member from taking any individual action which is against the rules specified. Definition of Rules: An undeniable fact of every business of the world is existence of rules, be it small scale exchange or large scale exchange between two nations or two groups of nations, rules are must for any exchange. The advantage of W.T.O is the fact that it has enabled

Lojack and Micrologic Alliance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Lojack and Micrologic Alliance - Assignment Example The intention of this study is the alliance between Lojack and Micrologic as an example of upstream vertical (supplier) alliance. Alliances between companies can be horizontal and vertical. Direct horizontal relations are those in which the company reaches a tactic understanding with its competitors. This understanding might be related to price or other factors. Indirect horizontal alliances are often done with industry outsiders – these alliances help both the companies in research or other factors and do not create a conflict of interest between them. Upstream vertical alliances are done with suppliers. Lojack did not produce the theft detection system. Most of the production and technological work related to the product was done by Micrologic. Thus the alliance is an example of upstream vertical alliance along with the supplier. The other type of vertical alliance is the downstream alliance which is done with buyers. The stolen vehicle recovery system (SRV) had to involve p olitical and regulatory actors such as FCC (Federal communication system as well as various law enforcement agencies. It also involved the partnership with car dealers as well as the technology provider – Motorola. Thus the alliance between Lojack and Micrologic also involved a number of other relational actors. The initial objective of the alliance between the 2 players was intended to develop the necessary base software and equipment and to obtain FCC approves technology for the SVR system. However over a period of time the two have changed strategic objectives – Micrologic now wishes to use the alliance in order to use the marketing network of Lojack. ... ever over a period of time the two have changed strategic objectives – Micrologic now wishes to use the alliance in order to use the marketing network of Lojack. This shows that the objectives of an alliance can vary over a period of time. As the strategic objectives of the firms involved changes, the nature of partnership between them also changes. (George Stonehouse, 2004) They tend to leverage sources or integrate activities with other firm which tend to maximise their value proposition. Evaluation of the Partnership Making partnership is not a very difficult phenomenon. In this age of various multinational companies there are numerous opportunities available for collaboration. However the important thing to do is to evaluate the different collaborations. Evaluation helps both the firms to consider what are the objectives of the partnership, what they have done to achieve them and how do they want to move ahead. Evaluation helps the firm to understand how they need to work in the partnership; it helps both the partners to improve management processes and procedures. They are able to analyse the objectives which had been set by the firms initially and allows for a revision in this objectives if the need arises. Effectiveness of partnerships is important at three levels – input, output and impact. Input factors involve the partners working with each other. Both partners may bring different inputs to the partnership. In the case we are analysing the input from Micrologic was technical expertise whereas the input for Lojack was distribution and marketing strength. Output is the result of the work done by the partners together. The input and output factors both combine in order to create an impact. We will use the life cycle model of evaluating the partnerships in

The reproduction of the cats Essay Example for Free

The reproduction of the cats Essay Cats are prolific breeders. Females take just 6 to 9 months to reach sexual maturity; but it is not unheard of for female kittens as young as 4 months to become pregnant. Males mature a bit later but both sexes can breed before they are a year old. Although female can become pregnant at any time of the year, there are specific mating seasons when cats become sexually active. In northern Europe it is usual for domestic female cats to come into heat (estrus cycle) in January and then again in June. The estrus cycle is the period in the female reproduction cycle when mating is most likely to occur. A heat period lasts about 4 to 7 days if the cat is mated and longer otherwise. Female cats indicate their readiness to mate by calling for male company with a special type of yowl, which like the (highly vocal) mating itself has often disturbed the sleep of humans who live in the vicinity. One of the most interesting features of the reproductive process of cats is a phenomenon known as induced ovulation. The male cats penis has backward pointing spines which scratch the interior of its partner, and cause ovulation to occur. Because pregnancy will not take place without this stimulus, quite often the first cats to mate with a queen with not father any kittens. However, the super-fertility of cats means that once she gets started, the female is capable of having a number of partners, and bearing kittens from several fathers in the same litter. The mothers eggs are fertilized in the oviduct and arrive in the uterus 4-5 days after mating. Cats do not go about the process quietly, and to the unpracticed ear the process sounds remarkably like a prolonged and very vocal cat-fight. Pregnancy lasts between 56 and 71 days, with the average pregnancy taking 68 days. Litters are most commonly of 3-6 kittens, but a single litter may have as many as nine. The record was a litter 19 kittens; the mother being a Burmese/Siamese cross from Oxford shire in England. The kittens were born on the 7th of August. Unfortunately four of the kittens were stillborn. Lets meet at the milk bar A few days before she is due to give birth the pregnant female will become restless and will look for the best nest. This will normally be quiet, warm and in one of the darker parts of the house. This is where she will give birth. It is a good idea not to disturb her in her nesting place. Kittens are both blind and deaf when born but otherwise well developed. They are, for example, more responsive than newborn puppies. A newborn kitten has a very good sense of smell and she will soon select a teat to feed from and will suck at no other. A kitten will be ready to play at three weeks old and will be fully weaned by 8 weeks. The mother can come into heat as soon as four weeks after giving birth. If the kittens are pedigreed, the father is referred to as the sire and the technical term for the mother is the dam. As we said earlier cats are prolific breeders and can breed throughout their lifespan. Again dipping to a feline book of records we will find that the most prolific breeder ever recorded was a tabby from Texas, USA called Dusty. She produced 420 kittens, the last litter being in 1952. Although fertility may gradually decline over time, cats do not go through the menopause. Therefore there is no age after which a female cat can no longer become pregnant. Indeed the oldest cat to have a litter was Litty, who gave birth to two kittens in May 1987 when she was 30 years old. With this birthrate it is no wonder than left to itself the feline population will quickly run out of control. It has been estimated that in a 12-year lifespan, without human intervention, a single female cat could be responsible for as many as 3500 descendants. There are already too many cats born each year and sadly, many are destroyed. It is therefore important that the cats are neutered as early as possible. Neutered cats are much better pets and studies have also shown that females spayed before they are six months have a significantly reduced risk of mammary (breast) cancer. It is also the case that if male cats are spayed later, they may continue aggressive scent-marking (spraying with urine), out of sheer force of habit.

Tell Tale Heart :: Essays Papers

Tell Tale Heart "True!--nervous--very, very dreadfully nervous I had been and am; but why will you say that I am mad? The disease had sharpened my senses--not destroyed--not dulled them. Above all was the sense of hearing acute. I heard all things in the heavens and in the earth. I heard many things in hell. How, then, am I mad?" "...Now this is the point. You fancy me mad. Madmen know nothing. But you should have seen me. You should have seen how wisely I proceeded--with what caution--with what foresight--with what dissimulation I went to work! I was never kinder to the old man than during the whole week before I killed him." It is impossible to say how the idea of murdering the old man first entered the mind of the narrator. There was no real motive as stated by the narrator: "Object there was none. Passion there was none. I loved the old man. He had never wronged me....For his gold I had no desire. I think that it was his eye!" The narrator states that one of the old man's eyes was a pale blue color with a film over it, which resembled the eye of a vulture. Just the sight of that eye made the narrator's blood run cold, and as a result, the eye (and with it the old man) must be destroyed. Every night at midnight, the narrator went to the old man's room. Carefully, he turned the latch to the door, and opened it without making a sound. When a sufficient opening had been made, a covered lantern was thrust inside. "I undid the lantern cautiously...(for the hindges creaked)--I undid it just so much that a single thin ray fell upon the vulture eye. And this I did for seven long nights...but I found the eye always closed; and so it was impossible to do the work; for it was not the old man who vexed me, but his Evil Eye." The old man suspected nothing. During the day, the narrator continued to perform his usual duties, and even dared to ask each morning how the old man had passed the night; however, at midnight, the nightly ritual continued. Upon the eighth night, the narrator proceeded to the old man's room as usual; however, on this night, something was different. "Never before that night had I felt the extent of my powers--of my sagacity.

Summary of “Campus Crusade for Guys”

In â€Å"The Campus Crusade for Guys† Sarah Karnasiewicz introduces Michael Thompson, a child psychologist who supports the life of American boys. Thompson is a bestselling author of â€Å"Raising Cain† and is an educational speaker on television for troubled boys. Although he supports American boys he has a daughter of his own, so he does not agree that boys should be given a better opportunity getting into colleges. Despite Thompson’s opinion on the opportunity for boys this is what is happening in colleges today (909).Statistics have changed over the years, showing that now more women apply to college and stick with it. In the early days of coeducation the ratio of men and women on campus revealed that more men were attending college. Men nowadays don’t even apply for college, and the ones that do apply don’t stay long or they do poorly in school (909). If decisions were to be based on gender it would be considered political, but it is very likel y for a battle to be brought up about this topic. Politicians are putting in the news and public media that boys have been abandoned by their schools and communities. Also you can read this summary –  Protecting Freedom of Expression on the CampusTalk show host have also jumped in on this and accused schools of isolating boys. On this topic Thompson says that the education for boys has actually improved and not worsened. Writers from different news articles have stated many opinions on this topic. Starting off the argument one said that years from now women are going to have a hard time finding husbands with all their education. In response to that a women said that years earlier when she was in school and men made up the majority no one was worried about them finding wives, so what’s the difference (910)?Karnasiewicz states that the gender gap is not news; it has been going on for multiple years. A lawsuit was filed about fourteen years ago against the University of Georgia in Athens for trying to equal out the genders on campus. A gender based case where the school was giving male applications better scores when applying because they wanted to even out gender. When this case was brought to the district court the judge wasn’t swayed that the University was only trying to help the minority (910). The University of Georgia’s gender based case has completely stopped favorable action for men.Thompson believes there are already enough favorable actions for men out there; and that it is very likely there is a girl out there that has not got accepted into college because the administration was trying to even out the proportion. With these actions in place already people set out to study the admissions of college students. During their study they took data from thirteen schools and over fifty percent was women acceptance (911). The study that took place at these thirteen colleges showed that gender inequity was most severe at schools that were once single-sex.This study proved that males were more statistically had a better chance of getting accepted. The study also showed that once the application sta rted to weigh more towards the women’s side an affirmative action steps in for men (911). A common ratio at colleges is forty to sixty. This ratio is not just common at previous single-sex schools this is common throughout the nation. Colleges keep track of that ratio and look forward to it becoming a tighter ratio in years to come. Now is not the time for colleges to play a role in gender equality on campus (912).Colleges are changes applications and getting sports that appeal to men to get more men to be accepted into college. People say that there is no difference between the mind of a female and the mind of a male but the advertising business has no doubt there is. At conferences and internal marketing at colleges have a recruiter just for men to make sure they have things that will attract men to that college (912). Boys are normally attracted to technology, so school play up the technological aspect and show men what college looks like in a way they’ve never seen .Other schools find it fit to put pictures of happy, muscular men in their catalog to attract men to their campus. College campus’ are without a doubt trying to advertise themselves to men now instead of women. Even when boys are accepted and go to college they are not as focused as women are; women seem to think that there will be a negative consequence if they don’t do well in college (913). A study shows that the gender gap is related to economics. Women are more concerned with getting a higher education because with a bachelor’s degree women would get paid more than women without.Men on the other hand are not as concerned because there is no significant difference in pay whether he has a bachelor’s degree or not (913). Another opinion is that the careers that are growing now are healthcare, education, leisure and travel, and the services. All the fields are what women are good at and not men so if men want a good job for the future then they need to g et an education. Problems that are arising are that women are replacing children with education and careers. This meaning that not enough children are being born and the population is going down with the increase of women enrolled in college (914).The problem with boys all starts in primary school; female students are more successful then male students in an early age. When it comes to college the administration looks back on everything you have done before then. The better opportunities for boys need to come sooner than college. Thompson said that his mission is to get people to see and think about boys in the vision as they do for girls (915). Work Cited Lunsford, Andrea A. , John J. Ruszkiewicz, and Keith Walters. â€Å"The Campus Crusade for Guys. † Everything's an Argument: With Readings. 5th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2007. 909-15. Print.

Memorandum of Agreement

MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT This Memorandum of Agreement (herein referred to as â€Å"Agreement†) is made and entered into the City of Cabanatuan, Philippines by and between: Land Bank of the Philippines â€Å"Land Bank of the Philippines† with office address at 3/F Land Bank Building, Gabaldon St. , Cabanatuan City, Represented by its Department Manager II, Nueva Ecija Lending Center, Mr. Eduardo N. Reyes, Jr. , herein after referred to as Land Bank of the Philippines. -and- WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES â€Å"WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES†, Mabini Extension, Cabanatuan City, represented by Dean, College of Business and Accountancy, DR.MARIA VICTORIA M. ALVAREZ herein after referred to as WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES. WHEREAS, Land Bank of the Philippines in its concern to enhance the training and development of more and better professionals, has teamed up with WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES for an On-The-Job Training Prog ram (â€Å"Program†) to provide training and support to the students of WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES, College of Business and Accountancy on the current trends and latest developments in the industry, and, to expose them to actual industry situations, thereby enhancing their formal schooling.NOW, therefore, for and in consideration of the foregoing premises, Land Bank of the Philippines and WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES hereby agree on and stipulate the following: MR. EDUARDO N. REYES, JR. DM II – Department Manager/Head, NELC A. Land Bank of the Philippines shall: 1. Undertake the selection process of the recommended students in adherence to Land Bank of the Philippines policies and guidelines in the section for its purpose; 2.Provide the venue3 and assign personnel to take charge as well as supervise on-the-job training of students; 3. Provide WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES students information, training, and support; 4. Provide stude nts exposure to actual office environment; 5. Accomplish the evaluation forms required by WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES in connection with to the on-the-job training of their students; 6. Issue certificate of completion to students who successfully finished their training under this program; and 7.Designate an employee who will coordinate with WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES the various activities under this program. DR. MARIA VICTORIA M. ALVAREZ Dean, College of Business and Accountancy B. WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES shall: 1. Recommend students who will undergo on-the-job training under this program for final selection,/acceptance by Land Bank of the Philippines; 2. Designate a Representative who will coordinate with Land Bank of the Philippines on the various activities under this program; and 3.Together with the students, faculty and parents concerned renounce and waive any claim against Land Bank of the Philippines for any injury or loss that th e trainees may suffer, personal or pecuniary, in the performance of their duties and functions while under the training not attributable to the negligence or willful act of any of the personnel of Land Bank of the Philippines. The waivers of the concerned parties shall be submitted to Land Bank of the Philippines prior to the commencement of the training, which forms part of this agreement.C. Under this program, the following terms and conditions are likewise included: 1. It is expressly understood that there will be no employer-employee relationship between Land Bank of the Philippines and the trainees of WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES; 2. The trainees will be personally for any and all liabilities for damage to property or injury to third persons, which may be occasioned by their international or negligent acts while in the course of their training; 3. WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY –PHILIPPINES shall see to it that the trainees complete the agreed scope of work within the a greed duration of the program; 4. It is expressly understood by WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES, and the trainees that all the information on technology, manufacturing process, process standards, quality assurance methodologies, quality standards, production capabilities, raw material processing, finance, and all other related documents, manuals, and operational or technical matters that Land Bank of the Philippines shall make available to them shall be used solely for this program.All of these matters are classified as confidential in nature and proprietary to Land Bank of the Philippines. WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES and trainees hereby undertake to prevent disclosure or transfer of such information, consciously or unconsciously, to any party outside of institution without the knowledge and written consent of institution. 5. It is expressly understood that Land Bank of the Philippines will only accept OJTs on a case-to-case basis according to vacancy.D. LITIGA TION AND OTHER EXPENSES In case of breach of any confidential information obtained during the training period relative to the task assigned by Land Bank of the Philippines, WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES agrees to pay an additional sum equivalent of twenty five percent (25%) for Attorney’s Fees, plus costs and other fees and incidental expenses of litigation excluding possible monetary damages that may be incurred by reason thereof. E. DURATIONThis agreement shall hold for the duration of the 20122013 School Year of WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES, and is automatically renewable every year, provided that Land Bank of the Philippines and WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINES reserve their respective rights to withdraw their participation in the agreement upon written notice. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have signed these presents on this ____ day of 2013, in Cabanatuan City, Philippines. FOR: Land Bank of the PhilippinesMR. EDUARDO N. REYES, JR. DM II – Department Manager/Head, NELC| WESLEYAN UNIVERSITY – PHILIPPINESDR. MARIA VICTORIA M. ALVAREZDean, College of Business and Accountancy| SIGNED IN THE PRESENCE OF:| _________________________________| _________________________________| Republic of the Philippines) City of Cabanatuan) S. S. A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T On this ___________ day of 2013, personally appeared before me, a Notary Public in and for the City of Cabanatuan, the following persons: NAMEVALID I. D. DATE/PALCE Mr. Eduardo N. Reyes, Jr. Dr. Maria Victoria M. AlvarezSSS ID # ll known to me to be the same persons who executed the foregoing document, consisting of three (3) pages including this page and acknowledgement that the same is an act of their free and voluntary will and deed. IN WITNESS THEREOF, I hereunto sign this document and affix my seal of office on this date and place aforementioned. MR. EDUARDO N. REYES, JR. DM II – Department Manager/Head, NELC DR. MARIA VICTORIA M. ALVAR EZ Dean, College of Business and Accountancy Doc. No. __________ Page No. __________ Book No. __________ Series of 2010

Compromise Is the Key essays

Compromise Is the Key essays Laws are designed to protect all citizens, even though they are not clear when it comes to deciding on what happens to couples embryos. The judge, in the fact pattern case, is torn because the parents want different decisions. He also has to remember that he will be setting a legal precedent for which other cases will be based on. The decision will be ridiculed no matter the outcome. The embryos should not be destroyed because every living thing has the right to life, there are numerous loving couples who can not have children on their own, and children are still desired by one parent. An embryo is the young of something in an early stage of development. Although, it is not recognizable, two people conceived the embryo in question. Therefore, the fetus should have the same right to life that all existing creatures possess. No one person should be allowed to destroy something already in the process of living. The decision of destroying any living being should be left in the hands of the being, and in this case that is impossible. We have to wait until the child is old enough to ask her. Many couples, who can not have children of their own, want to adopt new born babies. If the embryo is allowed to live nothing but good will happen for it, because of the demand for newborn babies in the adoption market. The child would not end up in a foster home because the mother has feelings for it, and would see the baby is well taken care of. Adoptive parents are known to be loving and caring begetters, because they try hard to bring children into their lives. Consequently, the judge should at least allow another couple to make good use of the embryos. The lady in the fact pattern still has the desire for children. She gave her eggs fully expecting to use them when the time is right. The husband obviously wants nothing to do with the embryos, but the wife could make an agreement to take full responsibility. The ...

Creative Tips on How to Handle a Science Research Essay

Creative Tips on How to Handle a Science Research Essay Creativity should take center stage in any class assignment you are working on. It attracts the attention of all your readers, leading to creating satisfaction. This alone increases your chances of receiving good scores from your work. So how do you become creative in such a complicated assignment? Read on to find out. Here is How to Write a Science Research Essay Most people sweat at the mention of a research paper. Perhaps they are justified since this document follows strict guidelines. You might be overwhelmed by the strenuous research activities involved unless you are well-prepared for the exercise. Maybe you don’t know what to write or how to write it. However, as you will discover through this article, research essays are not that hard. You dont need a high IQ to handle it. All that is required is a mastery of a few simple tricks and structures presented here. We hope that you will have a complete mind change once you are done reading this detailed article. Learn How to Start a Science Research Essay The hardest part of any research article is in how to write the intro sections. Finding the right words to use at the start is always a tricky affair. You spend the first few minutes writing and rubbing whatever you have written before you get it all right. Since you already know what is a science research essay, we need to dive deeper into what a good study entails. We will not just focus on how to start a paper as you also need to know how to end it. Here is the structure you should use when writing a science research essay. Title Page: A title comes at the start of every article. It gives enough information on what you will be talking about. Be specific rather than general when forming your topic. The more detailed it is, the better. It is only after doing this that you will begin your journey on how to write a good science research essay. Abstract: This is a summary of what the topic is all about. It should not be confused with the introduction. An abstract must be brief though detailed enough to help your readers understand what your study entails. In other words, anyone who for some reason, is unable to read your article to the end can still get enough information from the abstract. Introduction: Provide detailed background information on the study topic in this section. Include the aim and purpose of your study. You should also provide an outline to show the structure of your paper, where appropriate. The Body: This is in three major parts that include methods, results, and discussion. Use it to provide details regarding your study. A reader must be able to see how you conducted the exercise, the tools used, the outcomes, and how they are related to your hypothesis. Conclusion: This wraps ups everything. You have to relate it to the objectives of your paper. Someone reading your conclusion should see all the crucial points upon which you based your argument and relate them to your thesis. Try being brief and straightforward when drafting your conclusion. Also, don’t make a mistake of adding new information not discussed in the article in this section. There you go. You now have enough information on how to write a science research essay step by step. We are hopeful that you have found help through the information provided here. Please read the remaining section for more information It is equally important. Amazing Tips for Writing a Science Research Essay There are different tips on how to handle an assignment. Some only show you how to begin science research, while others are more detailed. Here are tips to trigger your creativity: Find some peaceful place where you can think without any distraction. You can visit a park, quiet beach, or go to a field. Let your mind relax as you focus on all the things you find inspirational. Choose what excites you the most. It might be something about a particular species of flowers. Or maybe it might be certain animals. Find out what you would like to know about them. Put it all down in writing. This means you should have a pen and notebook with you. Come up with as many questions as you can regarding your subject. These questions are crucial in any scientific research as they help you form your hypothesis. A hypothesis is a prediction of what you expect from any research. It is the answer you provide for a question that you are yet to solve. Next is to collect enough information related to your selected topic. You will use the data to test your hypothesis. Again, every data should be written down for future reference. Never assume that you will remember everything. Finally, retreat from your cocoon and begin writing a draft based on all the ideas and information you have gathered. The sooner you start, the better since information always makes more sense when it is still fresh in mind. Can you confidently say that you now know how to make a science research essay? Follow these simple ideas, and you will, in no time, be a guru in the creation of academic papers. Make this as adventurous as you can to free your mind from the boredom of working in a classroom setting. Just ensure that you remain relaxed throughout the process. Work with a Professional If you are still struggling with your research document, then you should consider hiring the services of an academic writer. You will receive timely services, even for urgent assignments. Most companies have 24/7 support on standby to address your concerns. You also enjoy numerous bonuses as a new customer. There are more bonuses for loyal customers as well. Professional writers can handle even the most complex task. This is partly because each writer has the right academic qualification. Order a paper from us now to enjoy these and much more privileges.

Corporate Governance and Company Performance Coursework

Corporate Governance and Company Performance - Coursework Example Whether corporate governance is good for a company is a question that needs critical considerations. This question is often answered by the situations in the marketplace in terms of the results of the companies that strictly follow corporate governance. Sometimes corporate governance can be injurious to the organization. Sometimes the company may miss opportunities because of some aspects of corporate governance leading to costly liabilities. For this reason, as good as corporate governance is, sometimes it is good to leave the directors at liberty to decide on some issues away from the stringent corporate governance requirements. When such decisions are made, the directors should be given an opportunity for explaining the rationality of their decisions and justify the outcomes of such decisions. Due care is for this reason of the essence taking into consideration the probable impact of certain decisions not consistent with corporate governance on the shareholders. Such decisions cou ld lead to resentment from the shareholders making them flee in case of undesirable outcomes of decisions inconsistent with corporate governance. However, when such decisions lead to satisfaction within the company stockholders, they would be for the betterment of the organization and value for stockholder's investments.Highlights of Corporate Governance Benefits against Company PerformanceCrook says that significant implications for the growth and development of an organization are attributable to corporate governance.

Economic Effects of Consumerism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Economic Effects of Consumerism - Essay Example The purpose of any economic system should be to meet the basic inescapable demands of its members in an affordable and sustainable manner. However, when the aspect of consumerism comes into effect with its emphasis on conspicuous consumption, the system gets thrown out of gear. The production-consumption cycle becomes a vicious spiral that is difficult to break. Some of the economic effects of consumerism are: Planned Obsolescence / Dissatisfaction. Rather than striving for a state of equilibrium, consumerism dictates that there must be an exponential increase in demand. Hence the advent of the 'disposable' culture which is aimed at increasing demand, as well as sustaining it. This is coupled with advertising which creates a felt need where none existed before by projecting existing products obsolete. This encourages the viewers to 'junk' his old model and buy a new one. These two factors combined serve to promote consumerism to unhealthy levels, but at the same time promote growth and competitiveness. Environmental Effects. ... overcome these limits, most inventions and discoveries have sought to promote consumption rather than trying to rein in consumption in order to bring consumption (demand) and production (supply) into a state of equilibrium. The economic costs of environmental degradation are never factored in as they would make products un-competitive. Promote Inequality. The most glaring drawback of consumerism, however, is that it promotes inequality, by widening the gap between the world's rich, confined to a few countries and the world's poor, spread out all over the globe. "Globally, 20% of the world's people in highest-income countries account for 86% of total private consumption expenditure - the poorest 20% a miniscule 1.3% " (UNDP). As demonstrated by these figures, consumption is a game of the rich. Increased production therefore does not in any way help to ameliorate the plight of the poor, but rather to satisfy the egos of the rich. In economic terms such a pattern is un-sustainable in the long term and will only result in a social revolution. Since the effects of consumption drive most economies world-wide its effects are also global in nature. The ill-effects of consumerism are well-known and documented; but economic imperatives often over-ride more pragmatic considerations in attempts to move towards a sustainable economic model. Consumerism though promoting growth is nevertheless, not only undermining the environmental resource base but it is also exacerbating inequalities. References Shah Anup, Behind Consumption and Consumerism. Retrieved from www.globalissues.org/TradeRelated/Consumption.asp United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report 1998 Overview Wikipedia, Consumerism. Retrieved from

Integumentary System Worksheet Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Integumentary System Worksheet - Coursework Example This is the most common skin cancer among people with fair skin. Patients with Basal cell Cancer have pink and waxy bumps that can bleed after a minor injury. This type of cancer originates in squamous cells. It is often in areas not in the sun such as feet and legs. However, for fair skin people, it appears in areas that have been in the sun. This is the most common type of skin cancer among dark skin people. Patients with this skin cancer have dull red, rough, and scaly skin lesions. The most common risk factor for skin cancer is exposure to sunlight, which is a source of UV radiation. The sun’s rays cause skin damages, which can lead to skin cancer. Individuals can protect themselves from skin cancer by avoiding outdoor activities when the sun’s rays are strong usually during the middle of the day. The rays can go through windows, clouds, windshields, and light clothing. We should also wear long pants, long sleeves, and particularly tightly woven fabrics. People should also wear sunglasses that absorb UV radiation to protect the skin area around the eyes. It is also advisable to wear wide brim hats that shade the neck and face. This is the least serious of the three types of burns. In a first-degree burn, the outer layer of the skin burns. The skin is usually swollen and red in color although the outer layer of skin is not burned through. There is often a swelling and there might be some pain. A skin injury is a second-degree burn if the first layer of the skin is burned through and the second layer is burned. Blisters develop and the appearance of the skin changes to a reddened, splotchy appearance. There is severe pain and swelling in the second degree burns. This is the most severe skin burn and it involves all layers of the skin. Third degree burn may affect muscle, fat and even bones. The burned areas may appear dry and white or may be charred black. Difficulties in exhaling or inhaling and carbon monoxide poisoning

Money Factor In Voting Politics Essay

Money Factor In Voting Politics Essay The distribution or offering of money in elections by candidates and political parties during elections plays an important role in determining the voting-choice of the people. The predicament of irresponsible use of cash acknowledged by political parties and individual candidates from businessman and other sources from time-to-time for furtherance of their election prospects has already acquire upsetting aspect of our electoral system. It has also been pointed out that political parties and their candidates have spent money far in excess of limit imposed by the Representation of Peoples Act, 1954.  [1]  Indeed, the former Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) of India, R.K. Trivedi, himself was embarrassed to testimony of the role of money-power in our elections as L.P. Singh (1987), writes: This malady, I am afraid, during the last decade has assumed alarming proportions. The huge expenditure incurred by candidates and political parties has not relationship to the ceiling prescribed under the law. The candidates and their political parties look to big money-bags for their funds to contest elections, thereby adopting a formula which establishes the chances if winning in direct proportion to the money spent. That in course of time various decision-making levels, does not seem to bother them.  [2]   In extreme forms, unconventional modes of electoral practices are manifest in the explicit acts of vote buying  [3]  which seeks to refute the liberty to articulate citizens electoral preferences. Since, persuasion alone occasionally generates an adequate amount of support, candidates or parties, on the other, on a regular basis, try to pay for or convince votes through money. As indicated in table 4.1, the influence of money in elections shapes the voting behaviour of 15.83% of the respondent electorate in the constituency. The male voters are more influenced by money than the female counterpart. This is mainly because of two important reasons, i.e., due to conservative nature of women and the domination over females by male counterpart. Exchange of vote for money has turn out to be open-secret in every elections of the constituency. Generally speaking, the voters who accepted money are of two types: voters who did not claim but simply agreed while being paid; and those who clai m either from the candidate directly or from any sources that advance them during the campaign period. The table 4.6 indicates the response of the voters who accepted money from candidates in election.  [4]   Table 4.6 Voting Decision: Reasons for accepting money The acceptance of money in exchange for ballot is highest, as indicated in Table 4.2, among the mid-age group of 41-60 years than the older and younger voters. The younger voters, least influenced by money in deciding whom to vote for in an election, are more concerned with their prestige. However, reports suggest that, even young and enthusiastic voters either accepts or demands money for ballot in the constituency,  [5]  but are hesitant to disclosed the same to the researcher. Educationally, as Table 4.3 indicates, the illiterates voters of the sample electorate has the maximum impact of money on their vote-choice. Further, in the constituency, those who are well educated are least influenced by money as determinant of voting behaviour. That is, as educational qualifications of the people entitled to vote increases, the influence of money on voting behaviour decreases. As regards the economic status of the voters and voting decision, as Table 4.4 shows the low income voters ha s the highest influence than the those of average and high income voters. That is, with the increase in the economic status of the voters, the level of influence by money decreases. Moreover, the data in Table 4.6 shows that there are numerous reasons on the part of the voters who acknowledged money throughout election. The main justifying reason is the poverty of the people and they are easily induced by money in elections. As Robert G. Wirsing says: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦campaign period is the time when the market value of their support appears to rise and when the cleaver seller may turn the value of his vote or the votes of his followers to good advantage. The poor are wined and dined, wooed with gifts and bribed with cash à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [6]   In the constituency, one of the most important reason for the acceptance of money is due to the fact that majority of the sample respondents considers that no developmental work has been done by the elected representative. And sees the payment of money for votes as compensation for public money that politicians are assumed to have stolen.  [7]  This particular view holds key in the minds of the voters as 22.73% of the total respondents agreed to it. On the other, a total of 18.18% voters consider that elected representative served the interest of his near and dear ones, not for the constituency as a whole. This is to some extent correct for the reason that 15.91% of the sample electorate views that they have nothing to ask to elected representative after the elections. It is also evident that even campaigner either insisted or offer money to voters as disclosed by 13.64% of the electorate. From the above discussion, one may infer that the influence of money throughout election period cannot be denied. Van de Walle has suggested that, in Nigeria, voters take vote buying offers as signals of their patrons wealth and capability of winning elections features of leader with which they wish to be associated.  [8]  But, more importantly, the underprivileged voters are expected to be ill-treated because of their restricted earnings, making them vulnerable to materials inducements, including the offers of basic commodities or meek amount of cash. For their part, citizens with little education may be unconscious of the political privileges they enjoy and as a result have a weak defense in opposition to such coercion. Moreover, money influence may have been more widespread than the figures cited. Experience from Argentina suggests that some people are understandably reluctant to admit that they had been approached with a forbidden offer, especially if they had subsequently en tered an agreement and complied with the terms.  [9]   In fine, the use of money power to win election by candidates and political parties alike makes the mockery of representative democracy and affects the basic philosophy of democracy and universal franchise. The views of the poor are subdued and the preferences of the rich are enlarged on key issues. Money for votes play as a means and the rich candidates distributed money among the poor voters; and done some instantaneous development work in the constituencies. This tricky design provides space for maneuvering for those who have either the official backing or have too much money to contest the election. However, voters conformity to the requests of money giver in elections may provide least resistance but it is morally and lawfully fraught. Above all, lopsided elections abridged the institutionalization of political responsibility. The influence of Elites: The word elites typically denotes the attributes or distinctiveness of certain individual that determine how far he will accomplish; thus, those with the suitable quality will in due course reach the top and find themselves in the place of power vis-a-vis others in the structure or in society at large. Although the definition of elite varies somewhat across the social science literature, we take a relatively broad view. Rather than taking into account the elite to be the rulers over the ruled,  [10]  we define them as those with the capacity to influence national political outcomes or policy.  [11]  As Eldersveld (1989) define elite largely to comprise those who hold important positions, who have influential roles and who exercise important functions in the polity  [12]  Such positions and status, along with wealth, education, and other advantages, provide the elite with political resources  [13]  and, thus, have the capacity to directly or indirectly influence the ac tivities of the state.  [14]   Although elites have an important role in highly developed democracies,  [15]  their political influence may be even greater where social inequality exists.  [16]  In liberal democratic countries, political leaders are entrenched in, and their efficiency appreciably depends upon elites insignificant groups of position holders in societies having the capability to affect political outcomes on a regular basis and to a large extent.  [17]   The local elites in the constituency like village money-lender, tall income government employees, intellectuals, and also entrepreneur play a big role in determining the voting choice of 12.95% sample voters as indicated by the statistics in Table 4.1. Those elites determined the vote-choice of 4.32% male and 8.63% female of the constituency. That is, female voters have an edge over male voters. There are scores of people who are straightforwardly or in some way reliant upon these groups of people for their everyday requirements and consequently they become their patrons. As a result, local elites pre-determined their clients vote-choice. Table 4.7 displays the different factors of influence to the electorate all through elections.  [18]   Table 4.7 Voting-Decision: Factors influencing by local elites The influence of elites in the constituency as evident from Table 4.2, gradually increases with the increase in the age-group and decline thereafter. It is highest in the age-group of 41-60 years and lowest in the above 61 years category. The female are more influenced than male. Educationally, its influence decreases, as apparent from Table 4.3, with the increase in the level of education of both the sex. It has the highest impact among the illiterates and least influenced to the above graduates respondents. Economically, as indicated in Table 4.4, its influence also decreases with the increase in the rise in its status. Researchers point to the growing income gap,  [19]  stating that the elite control the political process and those of lower socio-economic status have no role to play in electoral process. From the data in Table 4.7, it is absolutely clear that the most important influence to the voters is the distribution or offering of money by elites which accounted for 27.78% respondents. They even mislead people for the ulterior motives (19.44%) during election by making alluring promises or commitments (16.66%); and also creating the spirit of groupism (11.11%) among the electorate in the constituency. Moreover, they provide information of the candidates performance during his stay in office (13.89%) by educating the people on socio-political issues (5.56%) faced in the constituency. This is, perhaps, a good indication of their involvement in participatory democracy and will lead to the furtherance of the democratic politics. From the above analysis on may come to the point that the influence of local elites in the electoral politics of Oinam assembly constituency has its negative and positive aspects as well. Elites and leaders are essential elements of collective and individual life in any given socio-political structure. Many local dominant citizens take devoted attention and are directly involved in the elections taking part in the elections process. These trends, nevertheless, are not perpetual; the elites and privileged, like empires, may well rise up and fall down as well. Candidates Image in voting: Scholars have long acknowledged the significance of candidates personality in voting choice. The qualities of candidates are one factor which invokes the consideration of the electorate in every stages of the electioneering development. Charismatic leaders have a special magnetic quality that fills followers with awe and adoration.  [20]  McAllister argues the substance of influential showing that public perceptions of leaders, if not decisive, have a modest but significance influence on the vote.  [21]  As John L. Sullivan, John H. Aldrich, et. al., points out: Voters assessments of the candidates competencies and personal qualities affect how they feel about each candidate; whether, for instance they feel pride or shame when thinking about a particular candidate, or of more generalized feelings of liking or disliking.  [22]   In the constituency, the influence of candidates personality or charisma shapes the voting behaviour, as indicated in Table 4.1, of 10.32% of the sample electorate. The female voters put more emphasis on personality trait of the candidate in fray while voting than the male voters. Table 4.8 displays the various reasons for voting a particular candidate in elections of the constituency.  [23]   Table 4.8 Voting-Decision: Factors influencing candidates personality From Table 4.2 it is observed that candidates image in the election had the highest impact in the age group of 25-40 years and 18-24 years than other age-group. The female voters are more influenced than the male voters except the older voter, i.e., 61 years and above are equally to both the sex. Educationally, as Table 4.3 indicates the illiterate voters have an edge over those of literate voters on the candidates trait in exercising their political franchise. And, economically, as Table 4.4 suggests, the average income voters has highest influence than low and high income voters in the constituency. Those high income male voters are not even bothered about the candidates image in election of the constituency. From the statistics in Table 4.8, it is apparent that family insistence to vote for a particular candidate in elections has the impact of 35.48% respondent voters, in which the female (19.35%) had an edge over male (16.13%) voters. Educational and economic status of the candidates, in fray influenced the vote-choice of 16.13% and 9.68% of the sample voters. The contesting candidates contribution to the constituency; and his accessibility by the general electorate had an impact equally to 12.90% of the respondents voting decision. While 6.45% voters voted those candidate simply because of their locality supporting that candidate; and that 3.23% voters voted as candidate being from their locality. It is quite clear from the above analysis that the influence of candidates image in shaping the voting decision of the electorate cannot be overlooked. Voters definitely want a representative that they can trust, and convince the public that they believe in what they are saying and will deliver on their promises. As personality dominates in most areas of life, one cannot deny that candidate that appeals to us most based on personality characteristics may not be the candidate that best represents our interests. Therefore, one may argue that voters are not appropriately weighting performance-based information on candidates contesting the elections when undertaking one of democracys most important civic duties. Political party and voting decision: Political parties occupy a central place in democratic politics, as they, in the midst of other things, provide a link between the citizens and the state. It is through parties that citizens have opportunity to influence the effort of governmental elites. Voting for a political party in an election is seen as an important determinant of voting behaviour of the people entitled to vote. This is no exception to the constituency under study as 10.79% of the sample voters exercise their political franchise on the basis of partisanship as apparent in the data from Table 4.1. In the constituency, voting for political parties in elections are much higher of the males compared to female voters, as the former are more exposed to party identification which is a psychological attachment toward a political party that tends to influence a persons decisions on social, economic and political issues.  [24]  In elections between candidates of competing parties, one expects partisanship to influence ballot choice as many voters affirm their partisan identities by casting ballots for the candidates who share their party labels.  [25]  Therefore, elections are frequently identified in the public mind with the main issues discussed or the campaign strategies attempted by the parties.  [26]  Table 4.9 indicates the reasons for voting a particular political party in elections of the constituency.  [27]   Voting for a political party in the elections of the constituency gradually increases with the increased in the age group and decline thereafter. It is highest between the age-group of 41-60 years, however the male are more committed to than the female as indicated in figures of Table 4.2. The female voters are equally influenced as the male in the early stages of electioneering period, by parties, but as one grows older its commitment significantly declined. Table 4.9 Voting decision: Factors influencing political party Educationally, the more formal years of education mean the more allegiance to political party as the degree of consideration of party-voting increases with the rise in educational level of the electors. In the constituency, the below matriculation respondents voters are least influenced while the above graduates has the maximum influenced by political parties as the determinant of voting, as apparent from Table 4.3. On the basis of economic status of the sample electorate, as indicated in Table 4.4, voting pattern of the respondent electorate with reference to political party increases with the rise in the income level of the electorate of both the sex. Those high and average income earners are more unwavering, far more than the low or poor income groups, and hence, are able to choose whom to vote in an election. Moreover, in the constituency, voting-choice of 30.00% of the respondent voters is influenced by the basic ideology of political parties as evident from data in Table 4.9. This is perhaps because voting preferences may be affected by what Andrew Leigh term innate ideological attachment,  [28]  not linked to voters consideration on his family or locality. Also, stable and long term identification with a political party offers an information short cut or default value, a substitute for more complete information about parties and candidates.  [29]  The relationship between party identification and vote choice of the electorate remains one of the most robust and enduring findings in political science.  [30]  In the constituency, more than 23.33% (See Table 4.9) of the self identified partisan voters voted for their partys candidates. When asked whether they would vote for a candidate who is not anticipated to win an election, a respondent replied, whether good or bad, right o r wrong, I stand by my party! on no account in my life have I ever considered being linked with a party other than the Indian National Congress.  [31]  Further, 20.33% of the respondent voters voted to political party simply because their family members are traditional supporter of that party. Another 13.33% voted for party on the pretext that the party has good leadership. Some 6.67% respondents voters views that their decision to vote for a party because their desire candidates is contesting on that party ticket; and equally influenced to those respondents who says they are supporting the party as their locality supports that party. From the above discussion, it is observed that a political party does have a role to play in influencing the vote-choice of the electorate in the constituency. For individual voters, however, motives might differ considerably. They would normally support the candidate of their most ideal party if the contestant has a possibility to win the mandate of the people. Surprisingly enough, there is hardly any empirical research done on the different motives individual vote splitting. Citizens must be given the liberty without undue influence to cast their vote in favour of any political party as it is their independent opinion to decide which party they consider eligible for coming to power and taking that into account they have full right to exercise their political franchise. Election campaign: Political science research once characterized campaign as resonance and vehemence suggestive of nothing, but a resurgence of recent research has offer compelling evidence that campaign can shape voting behaviour of the electorate and election outcomes.  [32]  An election campaign must be understood to be a process that generates a product, the election outcome, and like any other process, one cannot expect to understand the process by analyzing only the product.  [33]  As such, it is a well thought-out effort which seeks to influence a range of issues and to create a long-lasting notion of the same with the electorate. In a campaign the issues are articulated by party leaders, and they are the stuff in terms of which a democratic political campaign is rationalized, in both senses.  [34]  The length and strenuousness of the campaign serves to involve the public, inform it on public issues, and increase its active participation in politics.  [35]   Election campaigning in the constituency determines the voting behaviour of 12.69% of the sample electorate as evident from Table 4.1. The males are greater than females in shaping their voting choice, as the former are more exposed to campaigning than the latter. Table 4.10 represents the various factor of influence to the respondent voters while campaigning.  [36]   In the constituency, the young and mid-age group voters paid more attention to election campaign in deciding for whom to vote during elections as Table 4.2 indicates. It is also evident that male voters exposures to election campaign decreases with the increase in the age-group while the female voters, however remain constant between of 18-24 and 25-40 years groups. Similarly, educational wise, as Table 4.3 shows the illiterates voters has the highest impact on their vote-choice, and decreases with the rise in the level of educational status of both the sex. The well educated voters in the constituency are least influenced by election campaign organized by candidates or parties or its supporters during electioneering process. Likewise, on economic status of the voters, as indicated in Table 4.4, the level of influence by election campaigns decreases with the rise in the level of economic status. That is economically well-off electorates, in the constituency, are undeterred by campai gning, as it influenced the low and average income groups. Table 4.10 Voting decision: Factors influencing election campaign The statistics in Table 4.10, it is known that among the various campaigns employed by candidates and parties, personal contact with the candidates in fray has the highest influences of 37.04% of the sample voters, while door-to-door canvassing influences 18.53% voters. Campaigning through publicity and organizing public meetings on elections had a modest influence of 14.81% and 11.11% respectively. In fine, electoral campaign is a podium to strike the main political issues as well as position and proposition of the different political parties to deal with these issues. In addition, the virtues of campaign effects can only be found in correlation with long-established socio-economic issues. As V.O. Key long ago documented, the perception of behavior of the electorate à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ condition, if they did not fix, the types of appeals politicians employ as they seek popular support.  [37]  However, key player of the campaign have to struggle with the lack of interest, trust and consideration from the citizens towards political life and institutions. Issues importance in voting: The highlighting on an issue based voting has, of late, assumed an important predicator of voting behaviour across liberal democracies. Voters are seen as moving in the direction of a more decisive posture, deciding issues on their merits and consequently acting more judiciously than formally. In their study of voting behaviour, Nie, Verba, and Petrocik (1972), found that following 1960, as V.D. Opfer, quotes, the role of party declined as a guide to the vote. And, as party has declined in importance, the role of issues appears to have risen.  [38]   Issues, local or national, in any election are an important predicator of voting behaviour of the electorate. Issues importance measures the extent to which attitudes manifest the qualities of durability and impactfulness.  [39]  Research has found that issues deemed important by respondents are more likely to be stable, resistant to change, and more likely to influence behaviour of voters.  [40]  Issues in election shapes the voting behaviour of 11.90% of the sample electorate in the constituency (Table 4.1). The female voters accounts for 5.03% of the sample voters saying the issues have its own importance in electoral behaviour thereby shaping the voting act, and are much higher than the male voters (3.60%) as indicated in Table 4.2. Now, Table 4.11 displays the main issues indicated by the respondent electorate.  [41]   Table 4.11 Voting decision: Main issues influencing the electorate From Table 4.2, it is known that issues in election has the highest impact in the age-group of 41-60 years and lowest in the age-group of 61-above. That is, the mid-age group voters are more influenced by issues in election than the younger and older voters. Also, in the constituency, as apparent from Table 4.3, voter with high educational qualifications are not bothered about issues in election while the below matriculations has has highest impact in deciding their voting-choice. The illiterates and below graduates of the constituency are equally influence to those issues in election. Further the data in Table 4.4 predicts that the average economic status voters are more determined by issues in election as their voting choice than those of high and low economic status voters. Now, among the issues cited by the sample respondents as their determining factor of influence, as Table 4.11 indicates, 29.17% of the respondents view that roads, safe drinking water, and better electricity as their main issues in elections. On the other, the state being affected by insurgency activities, 20.83% of the respondents opine that a political solution to such problem will at best serve the interest of the state and hence determining their voting choice. Educational development, better irrigational projects for agricultural activities, tackling unemployment and the repeal of Armed Forces Special Power Act, 1958 (AFSPA), have almost equal influence among the voters in the constituency. From the above analysis, it is apparent that no single issues were cited by the respondents as most important. That not only 11.90% of the respondent voters had issues concerns in elections in the Oinam assembly constituency and whether issues opinions are malicious or not is not easy to conclude. Voters are heterogeneous in their use of issues in the voting booth. Some voters may consider some issues more seriously than others in their voting decisions. Some issue

The Meaning of Life Essay example -- essays research papers

The Meaning of Life The most difficult thing in life is finding something worth living for. The second most difficult thing is knowing when you've found it...... by Jamie Andreas Okay, let's be light hearted for once. Let's not talk about some heavy subject. Let's pick something more down to earth and fun. How about the meaning of life? Yes, the meaning of life, and the purpose of our lives. Teen-agers (that group of people who are most likely to begin to play the guitar) love to think about this. Since they are about to embark on that part of life called "being an adult", they like to question whether there is anything about it that makes it worth the bother. A 17 year old student once put it to me very poignantly. He said, â€Å"When I look at the world, and I see what most of the adults I know are doing with their lives, and how they feel about their jobs, it is not very inspiring. I listen to people tell me I should play the game, and work hard to get good grades, so I can get a good job and all that. It all seems to have about as much meaning as going in to the library and memorizing the entire card catalog! What for? What's the point?" And I said to him â€Å"You are exactly right. There is no point. There is no meaning to life." And I firmly believe that. I am going to make two points now. One, there is no meaning to life; you must create the meaning of life, and most especially, your life. And two, there most definitely is a purpose to life, and especially to your life, but you must discover it. These two ideas work together. Once you find your purpose, you will be able to see the "meaning" of your life. What does the word "meaning" mean? People are always asking what is the meaning of life, what is the meaning of death, what is the meaning of me losing my job, losing my hair, etc, etc. Well, you see the point is, there is no answer to the question because it is the wrong question. Only a person who doesn't know what the word meaning means will ask that question. Meaning means "to recognize a significance beyond the thing itself, or in other words, "to point to something beyond itself" And the recognition of that significance, seeing how anything you look at points to something beyond itself, is a creative act on the part of every individual, and it is also the responsibility of every individual. When ... ...ur purpose. Move toward what feels good. B.B. King, Eric Clapton, Jimi Hendrix, all have used nothing but the five notes of a minor pentatonic scale their whole lives! It is all they need for what they want to say. Maybe you need to learn to read music, maybe you don't. Maybe you need to know many chord inversions and scales, maybe you don't. It depends on what you want to say with your music. And what you want to say depends on how you feel. How do you feel? Maybe you are frustrated and confused when you think about this. That is good. Frustration is a push on the back, to get you moving, so you will look around and make discoveries. Make sure you use it that way. Don't stay in one place, or the push on the back will knock you over! The rule for the artist, for the musician, must be "if it feels good, do it". Following your feeling is how that feeling becomes "solidified" into a piece of music, so that it can be communicated and felt by someone else. Bad music is made by people who don't actually feel their feelings. They may not know it, but their music has no meaning, and no purpose. Have you found something worth living for? Is it waiting to be recognized?

Hoover Dam: Project Risk and Reward

The PMBOK Guide 4th ed. defines a project as: proj ·ect [n. proj-ekt, -ikt; v. pruh-jekt]- a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result. The construction of the Hoover Dam is an example of a project. It is considered a project because it was a temporary endeavor and it had to go through the five stages of a project. There was an initiation phase. This phase defines the needs and of the project. The Hoover Dam construction project was initiated due to the flooding of the salt mines in the area. By damming the Colorado River, flooding could be reduced while having electricity produced.There are many tools that can be used in this phase. Among those tools, the problem definition tool, the problem tree tool, and the IS-IS NOT tool are all examples that may have been used during this phase, because they help define what the project need is. Then the planning phase was conceptualized. This phase is responsible for establishing the scope of the project, d efining objectives and the course of action. It took place during 1920's to pacify the Colorado River because of the constant flooding of the Imperial Valley. The planning phase took over 15 years.Tools that may have been used in this phase might include the information gathering plan, the organizational structure tool, and the information matrix tool. â€Å"These tools provide information such as team member responsibilities, quality control tests, and other information that is crucial to the success of the project. † (Office Design Concepts, n. d. ) The third phase of the project is the execution phase. In this phase, the processes that were agreed upon in the planning phase are performed. The processes of building Boulder City up to the completion of the dam were included in this phase.Tools that would be useful in this phase would be the ghant chart tool, the project communication plan, and the project contract. These are all useful tools because they help lay out time li nes, communication expectations, and stakeholder expectations. The monitoring phase is the fourth phase of the project. This phase tracks, and reviews the progress of the project, to help regulate the standards of quality. This phase was actually done throughout the execution phase, by inspection of the setting concrete and the monitoring of tunneling standard of the period. One of the tools that would be useful in this project is the Pareto tool.The Pareto tool lists all the defects that occurred by frequency from most frequent to least frequent. This helps to identify where the greatest problem areas occurred. The final phase of the project is the closing phase. This phase takes place after all the other phases are completed. The phase is usually identified with change management, and the signing off by the stakeholders of the project. The tool that would be most useful in this phase is the stakeholder communication plan. This is useful because it allows the project team to get fe edback from the stakeholders.The feedback can be used for future use as a â€Å"lessons learned† tool, and can also help decide whether to undertake a similar project in the future. Overview Even with today's standards, the construction of the Hoover Dam is considered a mega project. When the dam was completed, it was the world’s largest project made with concrete. The construction project is also the largest public works project in US history. To this day it is still a great engineering feat. After fifteen years of planning, the project broke ground during the middle of the Great Depression in 1931. This made it easy to find to workers.The construction took five years to complete. The average crew had about 3500 men that worked daily. 21,000 individuals that worked on the dam worked over this period. The first job was to divert the river. (Hoover Dam Info, n. d. ) It was done in two stages. The first part was done by building two cofferdams to prevent flooding. The se cond part was to â€Å"divert the water around the construction site† (Hydraulic Ram Pumps Textbook, n. d. ) using diversion tunnels. While the diversion phase started, another phase to prepare the canyon walls to hold the new dam began by removing loose rocks with dynamite and bulldozers.The rocks that were removed were then used in the building of the cofferdams. The dam is a massive 725 feet high, and produces over 2000 megawatts of power. Besides being a dam that creates electrical power, it also provides a great recreational area for outdoorsmen, Lake Mead. The lake is named after the dam’s project manager, Elwood Mead who became a giant in the engineering industry for finishing this historic feat. The Problems As with any project, there are a number of issues that occurred during the construction.Things like having a construction site near the desert, concrete issues, and having little housing, food, or goods available for site workers. Before construction could get started certain concerns had to be met. The first concern was the housing shortage. The area was deserted, rough and hot, with an average temperature reaching 119 degrees in the summer and the thermometer dropping below freezing in the winter. With the Great Depression not showing an end in sight, every type of worker imaginable rushed to the dam project. It was then Boulder City was erected. The city development housed both government and contract employees.When Boulder City was completed in 1932 it had large dorms for single men to reside, and 1-3 room buildings for men with families. Once the city was completed, a highway was built from the city to the construction site. Along with the highway, a railroad that reached from Las Vegas, Nevada to Boulder City was created. The thick concrete has its own set of problems. As the dam height increased, a new mixing plant need to be constructed. Instead of pouring a single block of concrete, the dam was built in sections of individual columns. It resembled a trapezoidal in shape, and the columns were built in five foot sections.One of the problems that this created is that to produce the level of strength the concrete required, dry mixed concrete needed to be used. Using this type of concrete was difficult because it left very little time for it to be moved from the mixing plant to the dam. This meant that if took too much time for the concrete to reach where it needed to be poured; the concrete would initially set still in dump buckets, and would have to be removed by chipping it out by hand. The construction solved this problem by paying the crane operators higher wages and having them lead teams of seven, to make sure the buckets made it to the right place.The buckets would be lifted and lowered into place by overhead cranes. There were a total of nine cranes used to place the concrete. As each bucket reached its destination, it was then dumped, while seven puddles would use â€Å"shovels and rubber-booted f eet to distribute the concrete† (Bureau of Reclamation, n. d. ). The forms were also fitted with pneumatic vibrator to make sure the concrete had no voids. Another problem with using the dry mix is that he curing process created heat. This made it difficult for the large sections of concrete to cure evenly. If concrete is not cured its strength will become brittle and start cracking.The uneven curing issue also led to the problem of staying on schedule. If the concrete did not set fast enough, the next section would not be able to be started. To address these problems the concrete sections were embedded with cooling pipes, to run water through the concrete. This helped to cool the concrete evenly and quickly. There was more than 580 miles of one inch pipe that was embedded throughout the dam. When the concrete was first poured it was initially cooled with river water. Then the chilled water circulated through the pipes to finish the cooling.Once each block cooled, the pipes wo uld be cut off and pressure grouted. The final problem I will discuss is the rugged working conditions. The work was dangerous and hot. There were no official number about how many lives were lost from site accident, but it ranged for about 96 to 112 lives lost from accidents such as, heat stroke and heart failure, falling rocks, and blasting accidents. In the early phases of the construction there was a worker’s strike attempt that failed because of so many people willing to work during the depression, however the strike did bring attention to keeping workers hydrated more regularly.The Outcome At its completion, the Hoover Dam was the tallest dam in the world. It is a national land mark, and considered a modern marvel. â€Å"The Hoover Dam stands at a massive 725 feet high, 1244 feet wide, and measuring 660 feet thick at the base while tapering to 45 feet at the top† (Wilson, n. d. ). The dam had a total cost of $165 million to build and was completed two years ahead of schedule. The name of the dam has changed several times. The original name of the dam was Boulder Dam, because it was constructed at the base of Boulder Canyon. It later became known as Hoover Dam when Secretary of the Interior Ray L.Wilbur named it that during a strike diving ceremony, in honor of President Herbert Hoover. Then, in 1933 President Franklin D. Roosevelt‘s Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes, changed it back to Boulder Dam. Fourteen years later, Congress changed the name back to Hoover Dam. References A Hoover Dam History – Aerospace Engineering Courses page. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://aeweb. tamu. edu/whit/Classes/214_WEB/C_7_heatTransfer/A%20Hoover%20Dam%20History%20-%20Concrete. htm Barber, P. (09/28/2010). Hoover Dam Construction. Online Nevada Encyclopedia.